source nation

1) Military: supplying nation (напр. вооружения)

2) Economy: source nation

3) Business: supplying country

4) Drilling: country whence consigned

1) General subject: country of origin (АД)

2) Law: producer country

3) Economy: country of production, source nation

4) Drugs: production country

1 support (also figurative).

2 hold, support, stay, buttress.

3 help, co-operation, assistance, cooperation.

4 supporter, person who lends support, backer, prop.

5 crutch.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: apoyar.

* * *

► nombre masculino

1 support

2 figurado support, backing, help

* * *

* * *

1) (=ayuda) support

2) [a una propuesta, idea] support, backing

3) (=apoyatura) support

* * *

masculino support

* * *

= backing, endorsement, support, advocacy, prop, escort, anchor, anchor point, supportiveness, sustainment, a shoulder to cry on, backup [back-up], buttress.

Ex. Thus the scheme has a sound organisational backing.

Ex. The project was given endorsement by the Standing Committees of the IFLA Section on Cataloguing and the then Section on Mechanization.

Ex. BSO was prepared by the International Federation for Documentation with the support of UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization), and was published in 1978/79.

Ex. However, what American libraries mean by advocacy is 'Work to overcome obstacles that the enquirer encounters in trying to secure help from outside resource agencies'.

Ex. The main props to any retrospective bibliography must be a well formed national library which has a long history of collecting the records of a nation's culture.

Ex. Escort can be seen as part of the referral process or as a separate activity of accompanying a client to ensure that the person reaches the source of help.

Ex. This format can provide an anchor for instructional designers attempting to come to terms with the vast potential of hypertext and hypermedia.

Ex. This article stresses the importance of the library as a permanent anchor point for the local community.

Ex. Percentage of books in a discipline charged out by students majoring in other disciplines was defined as the ' supportiveness' of that discipline.

Ex. America's present need is not heroics, but healing; not nostrums, but normalcy; not experiment, but equipoise; not submergence in internationality, but sustainment in triumphant nationality.

Ex. I recalled how bereft we felt when we lost our son and how friends and neighbours rallied round and offered a shoulder to cry on.

Ex. The aggressiveness of a number of publications on this subject, replete with their accusations without any backup, can be interpreted as settling of scores.

Ex. They used schools as a buttress of a caste system designed to subordinate blacks socially, to cramp them economically under a rigid job ceiling.

----

* administrativo de apoyo = clerical employee.

* apoyo administrativo = administrative support.

* apoyo a la toma de decisiones = decision support.

* apoyo del personal = staff support.

* apoyo económico = financial support, financial backing.

* apoyo estatal = state support.

* apoyo financiero = financial backing.

* apoyo moral = moral support.

* apoyo mutuo = mutual support.

* apoyo para los pies = footrest.

* apoyo técnico = service support, technical support, product support, tech support.

* apoyo técnico de aplicaciones informáticas = software support.

* buscar apoyo = line up + support.

* buscar el apoyo de = woo.

* carta de apoyo = letter of support.

* centro de apoyo a los programas de estudios = curriculum material center.

* clases de apoyo = remedial teaching.

* como apoyo a = in support of.

* conseguir apoyo = mobilise + support, win + support, line up + support, gain + support.

* contar con apoyo para = have + support for.

* contar con el apoyo de Alguien = have + Nombre + behind + Pronombre.

* contar con el apoyo necesario para = have + the power behind to.

* crear apoyo = build + support.

* dar apoyo = give + support, support, provide + support.

* de apoyo = enabling, supportive.

* destreza de apoyo = ancillary skill.

* educación de apoyo = remedial education.

* en apoyo a = in support of.

* estructura de apoyo = support structure.

* fomentar apoyo = build + support.

* ganarse el apoyo = earn + support.

* grupo de apoyo = interest group, support group.

* herramienta de apoyo = enabler.

* material didáctico de apoyo = study aide.

* mecanismo de apoyo = enabler.

* merecer apoyo = be deserving of support.

* ofrecer apoyo = support, provide + support, rally (a)round, rally behind.

* personal administrativo de apoyo = clerical staff, clerical worker, clerical personnel.

* personal de apoyo = paraprofessional staff, support staff.

* personal de apoyo bibliotecario = library support staff.

* personal técnico de apoyo = support staff.

* prestar apoyo = lend + support, support.

* prestar apoyo a = go to + bat for, bat for.

* proporcionar apoyo = provide + support, support.

* punto de apoyo = foothold.

* que actúa de apoyo = supporting, supporting.

* recabar apoyo = garner + support.

* recibir apoyo = receive + support, attract + support.

* redirigir el apoyo = divert + support.

* ser un gran apoyo = be a tower of strength.

* servicio auxiliar de apoyo familiar = respite care.

* servicio de apoyo = backup service, support service.

* servir de apoyo a = inform.

* sin apoyo = unsupported.

* sistema de apoyo a la toma de decisiones = decision support system, decision making system.

* solicitar apoyo = canvass + support.

* técnica de apoyo = enabling skill.

* tecnología de apoyo = enabling technology.

* trabajo administrativo de apoyo = clerical work.

* trabajo de apoyo = escort work.

* * *

masculino support

* * *

* * *

1 (respaldo) support

no cuentan con el apoyo popular they do not have the support of the people o enjoy popular support

agradezco el apoyo que me han brindado en todo momento I am grateful for the support you have given me throughout

apoyo A algo support FOR sth

han retirado su apoyo a esta iniciativa they have withdrawn their support for o their backing of this initiative

una campaña de apoyo a la investigación científica a campaign in support of scientific research

2 ( Ling):

vocal/consonante de apoyo intrusive vowel/consonant

* * *

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

◊ apóyalo contra la pared lean it against the wall

a) ( respaldar) ‹propuesta/persona› to back, support

b) ‹ teoría› to support, bear out

* * *

apoyo nm

support;

salieron adelante con el apoyo de su familia they got by with the support of her family;

me dio su apoyo moral she gave me her moral support;

buscan apoyos económicos para el proyecto they are seeking funding o financial support for the project;

anunciaron su apoyo a la iniciativa they declared their support for the initiative;

presentó las pruebas en apoyo de su teoría he presented the evidence to support his theory

* * *

m fig

support;

en apoyo de in support of

* * *

apoyo nm

: support, backing

* * *

apoyo n support

1 to report (to the police) (delito).

denunció a su esposo por malos tratos she reported her husomebodyand to the police for ill-treatment

Ella denunció la adulteración She reported the adulteration.

2 to denounce, to condemn.

Ella denunció al agresor She denounced the attacker.

3 to indicate, to reveal.

4 to speak up against, to speak out against, to clamor against.

5 to arraign.

El abogado denunció a Ricardo The lawyer arraigned Richard.

* * *

Conjugation model [ CAMBIAR], like cambiar

► verbo transitivo

1 (poner una denuncia) to report

■ nadie ha denunciado la estafa nobody has reported the fraud

2 (dar noticia) to denounce

■ la oposición denunció la política del gobierno the opposition denounced government policy

3 (indicar) to indicate

■ ese humo denuncia la presencia de un fuego that smoke indicates there's a fire

* * *

1) to denounce

2) report

* * *

1) [+ delito, accidente] to report

2) (=criticar) to condemn, denounce

3) frm (=indicar) to reveal, indicate

4) † (=presagiar) to foretell

* * *

verbo transitivo

1) <robo/asesinato/persona> to report

2) ( condenar públicamente) to denounce, condemn

* * *

= condemn, denounce, speak out against, blow + the whistle (on), inform on, report, rail against, turn in.

Ex. It must, however, also be considered as a major source of the 'subject index illusion' so trenchantly condemned by Bliss, as mentioned below.

Ex. Some of the rules were imposed on Panizzi by the Trustees of the British Museum, and Panizzi could only join his critics in denouncing those rules, such as the rules for entry of anonymous publications.

Ex. Such restraint creates a ridiculous and pathetic situation in which librarians refuse to speak out against, or work to defeat legislation destructive to libraries such as California's Propositions.

Ex. The article ' Blowing the whistle on hazardous exports' warns consumers in developing countries about the practice by transnational corporations of exporting hazardous substances into their countries.

Ex. Some view whistleblowing -- defined as informing on illegal or unethical practices in the workplace -- as being undesirable.

Ex. Criticism is not appropriate in a style which aims to report, but not comment upon the content of the original document.

Ex. She has vented her frustration over the nation's over-zealous traffic wardens and railed against the littered streets.

Ex. Sometimes communities are unwilling to cooperate with police to put a stop to gang behavior, either because of intimidation or unwillingness to turn in members of their own community = A veces las comunidades no están dispuestas a cooperar con la policía para poner fin a la conducta de pandillas, ya sea por intimidación o por no querer delatar a miembros de su propia comunidad.

* * *

verbo transitivo

1) <robo/asesinato/persona> to report

2) ( condenar públicamente) to denounce, condemn

* * *

* * *

denunciar [A1 ]

A ‹robo/asesinato› to report; ‹persona› to report

yo en tu lugar lo denunciaría if I were you, I'd report him (to the police) o I'd lodge a complaint against him (with the police)

denunciaron la desaparición del niño they reported the disappearance of the child

1 (condenar públicamente) to denounce, condemn

2 (evidenciar) to reveal

la escasez denuncia la falta de planificación the shortage reveals o is clear evidence of a lack of planning

* * *

* * *

denunciar vt

1. [delito, delincuente] to report;

han denunciado el robo de la moto (a la policía) they have reported the theft of the motorbike (to the police);

ha denunciado a su esposo por malos tratos she has reported her husband to the police for ill-treatment

2. [acusar, reprobar] to condemn;

la prensa denunció la situación the situation was condemned in the press

3. [delatar, revelar] to indicate, to reveal;

goteras que denuncian el estado de abandono de la casa leaks that betray the state of abandon the house is in

4. Pol

* * *

v/t report; fig

condemn, denounce

* * *

denunciar vt

1) : to denounce, to condemn

2) : to report (to the authorities)

* * *

denunciar vb (de un robo, accidente) to report

(n.) = political discourse, political speech, spin

Ex. His use of religious and political discourse during the presidential campaign reaffirmed people's faith in America and served as a source of identification with evangelicals and religionists.

Ex. Whilst political speech enjoys the highest possible protection under the First Amendment to the US Constitution, 'speech' concerning child pornography and obscenity is allowed none.

Ex. The spin sold to the world by the Arabs is that they were one nation in their homeland 'from time immemorial'.

* * *

1 to reject.

el gobierno rechazó las acusaciones de corrupción the government rejected o denied the accusations of corruption

Ellos rechazan el grano malo They reject the bad grain.

2 to push away (repeler) (a una persona).

3 to reject (medicine) (órgano).

4 to clear (sport).

el portero rechazó la pelota y la mandó fuera the goalkeeper tipped the ball out of play

5 to refuse, to pass up, to decline, to disregard.

Ellos rechazan el café They refuse the coffee.

6 to refuse to.

Ellos rechazan comprar eso They refuse to buy that.

7 to turn one's back on.

8 to dishonor, to refuse to accept, to repudiate, to disavow.

Ellos rechazan el reconocimiento They dishonor the recognition.

* * *

Conjugation model [ REALIZAR], like realizar

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen) to reject, turn down, refuse

2 (ataque) to repel, repulse, drive back

3 MEDICINA to reject

* * *

1) to reject, decline

2) refuse

* * *

1) [+ persona] to push away; [+ ataque] to repel, beat off; [+ enemigo] to drive back

2) [+ acusación, idea] to reject; [+ oferta] to turn down, refuse; [+ tentación] to resist

3) [+ luz] to reflect; [+ agua] to throw off

4) (Med) [+ órgano] to reject

* * *

verbo transitivo

a) <invitación/propuesta/individuo> to reject; <moción/enmienda> to defeat; <oferta/trabajo> to turn down

b) <ataque/enemigo> to repel, repulse

c) (Med) < órgano> to reject

* * *

= condemn, decline, discard, eschew, reject, set + aside, flinch at/from, refuse, negative, discountenance, repulse, shun, be hostile to, ditch, renounce, snub, nix, defeat, disavow, deselect, turn down, spurn, repudiate, fight off, hold off, dismiss with + the wave of the hand, fend off, overrule, push aside, turn + Nombre + away.

Ex. It must, however, also be considered as a major source of the 'subject index illusion' so trenchantly condemned by Bliss, as mentioned below.

Ex. The title 'Unsolicited marginal gift collections: saying no or coping with the unwanted' deals with the problem of how to cope with collections which should have been declined, but were not.

Ex. The dates should be checked regularly and updated so that old dates are discarded and new ones entered.

Ex. However, most contributors to the debate about the future of SLIS have eschewed practicalities in favour of sweeping and dramatic generalizations.

Ex. Any reliance on principles alone is rejected, and an attempt is made to codify experience.

Ex. Such championship cannot be lightly set aside, nevertheless it is now quiet certain that 'bibliography', incorrect and unfortunate as it may be, is here to stay and the situation must be accepted.

Ex. It is increasingly obvious that we are as a nation one and indivisible, that divisive tendencies are a thing of the past, but there are still too many inheritors of the old indifference, and who flinch at co-operation as at an evil.

Ex. In this novel, if you remember, Henry Crawford, having been refused by the heroine Fanny, goes off and elopes with an old flame, Mrs Rushworth.

Ex. Bough negatived the suggestion instantly.

Ex. Balzac discountenanced virtually every idea Hernandez and children's librarian, Kate Lespran, had the courage to suggest.

Ex. Leforte blew forth a long breath, as if trying to repulse the oppressive heat of the September morning.

Ex. Traditionally these books have been shunned because of their fragile nature, but librarians are finding that a small collection can enliven story times.

Ex. Although he recognized the need for some forms of synthesis, Bliss was hostile to the idea of complete analysis and synthesis put forward by Ranganathan.

Ex. It is time that higher education institutions accepted the wisdom of collaboration and ditched, once and for all, the rhetoric of competition = Ya es hora de que las instituciones de enseñanza superior acepten la colaboración y rechacen, de una vez por todas, la competitividad.

Ex. 'Classification by attraction', i.e. the placing of a subject as the most concrete element represented in it, without regard to the basic discipline concerned, is renounced = Se rechaza la "Clasificación por atracción", es decir, la asignación de una materia según el elemento más concreto representado en ella, sin tener en cuenta la disciplina en cuestión.

Ex. Some black librarian see little progress towards race-neutral attitudes and finds themselves either directly or indirectly snubbed, patronised or completely ignored by users as well as staff members.

Ex. This play was nixed by school officials on the grounds that the subject of sweatshops was not appropriate for that age group.

Ex. The author focuses on the campaign of the Idaho Library Association to defeat this initiative.

Ex. Feminists disavow biology & biologists who reduce human biology to anatomy.

Ex. There is a need to provide public access to the Internet and to develop guidelines for selecting and deselecting appropriate resources.

Ex. Public school, strapped for cash, find offers from advertising revenue hard to turn down.

Ex. The government seems to spurns the architecture profession and there is a growing rift between architects who assert their utility and those who cleave to artistic prerogatives.

Ex. The author attempts to repudiate Cherniavsky's argument to show that machine intelligence cannot equal human intelligence.

Ex. These pillboxes were originally built to help fight off a Nazi invasion.

Ex. A dam at the Strait of Gibraltar could be constructed to limit the outflow and reverse the climate deterioration, thus holding off the next ice age.

Ex. International 'rules' are often dismissed with the wave of the hand or a snort of contempt one week, and gilded and placed on a pedestal the next.

Ex. During the rutting season, they are used to fend off other males in an attempt to gather a harem of females to breed with.

Ex. President Eisenhower overruled some of his military commanders in summer 1958, ordering them not to use nuclear weapons against China.

Ex. She's just an airheaded bimbo, with an endless capacity to push aside unpleasant realities in favor of her more satisfying interests: young men and jewels.

Ex. They will be patrolling in plain clothes to spot doormen who turn away people apparently on the basis of their ethnicity.

----

* cheque + ser rechazado = cheque + bounce.

* rechazar Algo/Alguien = turn + Nombre + down.

* rechazar la responsabilidad = disclaim + responsibility.

* rechazarse = go by + the board.

* rechazar sin más = dismiss + out of hand.

* rechazar una hipótesis = reject + hypothesis, negate + hypothesis.

* rechazar una idea = turn + idea + down.

* rechazar una ley = defeat + legislation.

* rechazar una moción = defeat + motion.

* rechazar una sugerencia = turn + idea + down.

* * *

verbo transitivo

a) <invitación/propuesta/individuo> to reject; <moción/enmienda> to defeat; <oferta/trabajo> to turn down

b) <ataque/enemigo> to repel, repulse

c) (Med) < órgano> to reject

* * *

* * *

rechazar [A4 ]

1 ‹invitación/propuesta› to reject; ‹oferta/trabajo› to turn down

la moción fue rechazada the motion was defeated

rechazó su proposición de matrimonio she rejected o turned down his proposal of marriage

se sienten rechazados por la sociedad they feel rejected by society

2 ‹ataque/enemigo› to repel, repulse

3 ‹luz› to reflect

4 ( Med) ‹órgano› to reject

* * *

a) ‹invitación/propuesta/individuo› to reject;

b) ‹ataque/enemigo› to repel, repulse

c) (Med) ‹ órgano› to reject

* * *

rechazar vt

1. [no aceptar] to reject;

2. [negar] to deny;

el gobierno rechazó las acusaciones de corrupción the government rejected o denied the accusations of corruption;

rechazó que vaya a presentarse a la presidencia he denied that he was going to run for the presidency

3. [órgano] to reject;

el paciente rechazó el órgano the patient rejected the organ

4. [repeler] [a una persona] to push away;

rechazaron el ataque de los enemigos they repelled the enemy attack

5. Dep to clear;

el portero rechazó la pelota y la mandó fuera the goalkeeper tipped the ball out of play

* * *

v/t reject; MIL repel

* * *

rechazar {21} vt

1) : to reject

2) : to turn down, to refuse

* * *

rechazar vb to reject / to turn down

richesse [ʀi∫εs]

1. feminine noun

   a. [de pays, personne] wealth

• le tourisme est notre principale (source de) richesse tourism is our greatest asset

• notre ferme, c'est notre seule richesse this farm is all we have

   b. [d'aliment, collection, sol, texte, vocabulaire, végétation] richness

• la richesse de cette documentation the abundance of the information

• une culture d'une grande richesse an extraordinarily rich culture

2. plural feminine noun

richesses wealth ; ( = trésors) treasures

• richesses naturelles natural resources

* * *

1) (de personne, pays) wealth

2) ( de bijoux) magnificence; (d'étoffe, de vêtement) richness; (de mobilier, demeure) sumptuousness

3) ( teneur) richness (en in)

4) (de faune, vocabulaire, collection) richness; ( de documentation) wealth

richesses nom féminin pluriel

1) ( biens matériels) wealth [U]

2) ( objets de grande valeur) treasures

3) ( ressources) resources

* * *

1. nf

1) [personne, pays] wealth

2) [aliment, sol] richness

2. richesses nfpl

* * *

richesse

A nf

1 (de personne, pays) wealth; être une source de richesse pour to be a source of wealth for; notre principale richesse our main source of wealth; faire la richesse d'un pays/d'une ville [activité, pétrole] to bring wealth to a country/a town; étaler sa richesse to flaunt one's wealth; vivre dans la richesse to live in (the lap of) luxury; richesse nationale national wealth; ce lopin de terre c'est toute notre richesse this plot of land is all we have;

2 (luxe, somptuosité) ( de bijoux) magnificence; (d'étoffe, de vêtement) richness; (de mobilier, demeure) sumptuousness; décoration d'une trop grande richesse over-elaborate decoration;

3 ( teneur) richness (en in); la richesse d'un aliment en sucre the sugar content of a food ; la trop grande richesse d'un aliment en sel a food's excessive salt content;

4 ( abondance) (de végétation, faune, vocabulaire, collection) richness; ( de documentation) wealth.

B richesses nfpl

1 ( biens matériels) wealth ¢; accumuler des richesses to accumulate wealth ou riches;

2 ( objets de grande valeur) treasures; les richesses d'un musée the treasures of a museum;

3 ( ressources) resources; richesses naturelles natural resources.

[riʃɛs] nom féminin

1. [fortune - d'une personne] wealth ; [ - d'une région, d'une nation] wealth, affluence, prosperity

2. [d'un décor] luxuriousness, lavishness, sumptuousness

[d'un tissu] beauty, splendour

3. [luxuriance - de la végétation] richness, lushness, profuseness, luxuriance

4. [complexité - du vocabulaire, de la langue] richness ; [ - de l'imagination] creativeness, inventiveness

5. (soutenu) [réconfort] blessing

avoir un ami fidèle est une grande richesse to have a faithful friend is to be rich indeed

————————

richesses nom féminin pluriel

[biens, capital] riches, wealth (substantif non comptable)

[articles de valeur] treasures, wealth

[ressources] resources

richesses minières/naturelles mining/natural resources

 

конституционное право
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

EN

constitutional law
That branch of the public law of a nation or state which treats of the organization, powers and frame of government, the distribution of political and governmental authorities and functions, the fundamental principles which are to regulate the relations of government and citizen and which prescribes generally the plan and method according to which the public affairs of the nation or state are to be administered. (Source: BLACK)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

Тематики

• охрана окружающей среды

EN

• constitutional law

DE

• Verfassungsrecht

FR

• droit constitutionnel

1 background.

bagaje cultural cultural baggage

2 baggage, luggage, equipment.

* * *

► nombre masculino

1 baggage

\

bagaje cultural experience, background

* * *

1) (=conocimientos) experience, background

2) (Mil) (=equipaje) baggage, equipment

3) (=mula) pack mule

* * *

* * *

= baggage, luggage.

Ex. This article examines the potential of electronic and computer based technology to improve passenger and baggage reconciliation at airports.

Ex. They are the best source for quality luggage, backpacks, travelgear, with the best customer service in the industry.

* * *

* * *

* * *

bagaje cultural (de una persona) cultural knowledge; (de un pueblo, una nación) cultural heritage

su bagaje de experiencia en este campo his wealth of experience in this field

útil tanto para quien posee un bagaje previo como para el que no sabe nada equally useful for those with previous knowledge of the subject and those without

el bagaje cultural de un pueblo the cultural heritage of a nation

* * *

◊ bagaje cultural ( de persona) cultural knowledge;

* * *

bagaje nm

el candidato tiene bagaje político suficiente the candidate has plenty of political experience;

el bagaje conceptual del Renacimiento the philosophical heritage of the Renaissance;

tener un amplio bagaje cultural to be very cultured

* * *

m fig

heritage

* * *

bagaje nm

1) equipaje: baggage, luggage

2) : background

bagaje cultural: cultural baggage

1 to make up.

2 to be.

constituye una falta grave it is o constitutes a serious misdemeanor

no creo que constituya ningún obstáculo I don't think it constitutes an obstacle, I don't see it as an obstacle

3 to set up, to constitute.

Ellos constituyeron un club They constituted a club.

Ellos constituyen leyes They establish laws.

* * *

Conjugation model [ HUIR], like link=huir huir

► verbo transitivo

1 (formar) to comprise, make up, constitute

■ el sol y los planetas constituyen el sistema solar the solar system is made up of the sun and the planets

2 (ser) to be, constitute

■ eso constituye un inconveniente that's a drawback

3 (crear) to create, set up, establish

■ Carlos V constituyó un imperio Charles V built an empire

► verbo pronominal constituirse

1 to set oneself up as, become

■ el general se constituyó en jefe del Estado the general became Head of State

* * *

1) to constitute

2) set up

* * *

1. VT frm

1) (=crear, fundar) [+ comité, asamblea] to set up, constitute frm; [+ empresa] to set up

2) (=estar formado por) to make up, constitute

3) (=representar) to constitute frm

4) (=nombrar)

constituirse

* * *

verbo transitivo (frml)

a) (componer, formar) to make up, constitute (frml)

b) (ser, representar) to represent, constitute (frml)

c) ( crear) <comisión/compañía> to set up, establish

d) ( nombrar) to name

constituirse v pron (frml)

a) ( erigirse)

b) ( reunirse)

* * *

= constitute, fall into, make up, populate, fall under.

Ex. One of the most obvious of the limitations of this approach is that it is difficult to decide what constitutes a separate work.

Ex. Certain words may fall into a short list of 35 common words such as analysis, which do not give rise to inversion within the cross-reference.

Ex. Each volume is make up of several issues which appear in the next lower level.

Ex. One way librarians can add value is by carefully selecting, evaluating, and describing the resources that populate their Internet collections.

Ex. It is the type of compound that is of primary importance to researchers in chemistry, not the total sum of individual compounds that fall under it.

----

* constituir como sociedad = incorporate.

* constituir la base = form + the foundation.

* constituir la base de = form + the basis of.

* constituir la culminación de Algo = represent + the culmination of.

* constituirse en nación = evolve into + nationhood.

* constituir un obstáculo = constitute + an obstacle.

* * *

verbo transitivo (frml)

a) (componer, formar) to make up, constitute (frml)

b) (ser, representar) to represent, constitute (frml)

c) ( crear) <comisión/compañía> to set up, establish

d) ( nombrar) to name

constituirse v pron (frml)

a) ( erigirse)

b) ( reunirse)

* * *

* * *

constituir [ I20 ]

( frml)

1 (componer, formar) to make up

el consejo está constituido por siete miembros the board is made up of seven members

las personas que constituyen el jurado the people who make up o form o ( frml) constitute the jury

2 (ser, representar) to represent, constitute ( frml)

eso no constituye un impedimento that does not represent o constitute an obstacle

esta acción no constituye delito this action does not constitute a crime

recibir este premio constituye un honor para mí I am very honored to receive this award, I deem it an honor to receive this award ( frml)

esto constituye una excepción this is an exception

3 (crear) ‹comisión/organismo/compañía› to set up, establish, constitute ( frml)

4 (nombrar) to name

lo constituyó heredero universal she named him as her sole heir, she made him her sole heir

( frml)

1 (erigirse) constituirse EN algo to become sth

la región se constituyó en una nación independiente the region became an independent nation

2 (reunirse) constituirse EN algo to form sth, form oneself INTO sth

los trabajadores acordaron constituirse en asamblea permanente the workers agreed to form a permanent assembly

* * *

a) (componer, formar) to make up, constitute (frml)

b) (ser, representar) to represent, constitute (frml);

◊ esta acción no constituye delito this action does not constitute a crime

c) ( crear) ‹comisión/compañía› to set up, establish

* * *

♦ vt

1. [componer] to make up;

estas cinco secciones constituyen el primer capítulo these five sections make up the first chapter;

la junta directiva está constituida por cinco miembros the board of directors has five members

2. [ser] to be, to constitute;

constituye una falta grave it is o constitutes a serious misdemeanour;

no creo que constituya ningún obstáculo I don't think it constitutes an obstacle, I don't see it as an obstacle

3. [crear] to set up, to constitute

♦ See also the pronominal verb constituirse

* * *

1 constitute, make up

2 empresa, organismo set up

* * *

constituir {41} vt

1) formar: to constitute, to make up, to form

2) fundar: to establish, to set up

♦ See also the reflexive verb constituirse

πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν gen. παντός, πάσης, παντός (dat. pl. πᾶσι and πᾶσιν vary considerably in the mss.; s. W-S. §5, 28; cp. Rob. 219–21; on the use of the art. s. B-D-F §275) (Hom. +).

① pert. to totality with focus on its individual components, each, every, any

ⓐ adj., used w. a noun without the art.

α. in the sing. emphasizing the individual members of the class denoted by the noun every, each, any, scarcely different in mng. fr. the pl. ‘all’: πᾶν δένδρον Mt 3:10; Lk 3:9. πᾶσα φυτεία Mt 15:13. πᾶσα φάραγξ, πᾶν ὄρος Lk 3:5 (Is 40:4). πᾶς τόπος 4:37. πᾶς ἄνθρωπος J 1:9; 2:10; Ro 3:4 (Ps 115:2); Gal 5:3; Col 1:28abd; Js 1:19. πᾶσα γυνή GJs 11:2. πᾶν ἔθνος Ac 17:26a. πᾶσα ψυχή (Pla., Phdr. 249e) 2:43; 3:23 (cp. Lev 23:29); Ro 2:9; Jd 15. πᾶσα ἡμέρα Ac 5:42; 17:17. πᾶν σάββατον 18:4. πᾶσα ἀρχὴ καὶ πᾶσα ἐξουσία 1 Cor 15:24 (cp. Just., D. 111, 2 οὗ τὸ ὄνομα πᾶσα ἀρχὴ δέδιεν). πᾶσα συνείδησις 2 Cor 4:2. πᾶς ἅγιος Phil 4:21. πᾶς οἶκος Hb 3:4 (GJs 7:3). πᾶσα ἀντιλογία 7:7. πᾶσα παιδεία all discipline 12:11. πᾶς ὀφθαλμός Rv 1:7a. πᾶν κτίσμα 5:13a.—Mt 23:35; Lk 2:23 (Ex 13:2); 4:13; 21:36; 2 Th 2:4 (Da 11:36). πᾶσα κτίσις every creature Col 1:15; ἐν πάσῃ κτίσει to every creature vs. 23. πᾶσα γραφή 2 Ti 3:16 (s. γραφή 2a).—πᾶσα σάρξ (כָּל־בָּשָׂר; used in the OT, also En 1:9; TestGad 7:2; GrBar 4:10; but not in EpArist, Philo, nor Joseph.) all flesh Lk 3:6 (Is 40:5); AcPlCor 2:6 and 16 (s. also 3b below). Mostly w. a neg. (so also En 14:21; 17:6) οὐ (or μή) … πᾶσα σάρξ no flesh = no one Mt 24:22; Mk 13:20; Ro 3:20; 1 Cor 1:29; Gal 2:16 (cp. GrBar 8:7 οὐκ ἂν ἐσώθη πᾶσα πνοή). Other sim. neg. expressions are also Hebraistic (s. B-D-F §302, 1; Mlt-H. 433f) οὐ … πᾶν ῥῆμα not a thing, nothing Lk 1:37 (cp. PRyl 113, 12f [133 A.D.] μὴ … πᾶν πρᾶγμα). οὐδέποτε ἔφαγον πᾶν κοινόν I have never eaten anything common Ac 10:14. Cp. Rv 7:1, 16; 9:4; 21:27. Also in reverse order, πᾶς … οὐ or μή (Ex 12:16; Sir 8:19; 10:6, but s. also GLee, ET 63, ’51f, 156) 18:22; Eph 4:29; 5:5; 2 Pt 1:20; 1J 2:21; 3:15b.—Only rarely is a ptc. used w. πᾶς in this way: παντὸς ἀκούοντος when anyone hears Mt 13:19. παντὶ ὀφείλοντι Lk 11:4 (Mlt-Turner 196f).

β. w. a noun in the pl., without the art. πάντες ἄνθρωποι all people/men, everyone (Lysias 12, 60; Andoc. 3, 25; X., Cyr. 7, 5, 52, Mem. 4, 4, 19; Demosth. 8, 5; 18, 72) Ac 22:15; Ro 5:12a, 18ab; 12:17, 18; 1 Cor 7:7; 15:19; 2 Cor 3:2; Phil 4:5; 1 Th 2:15; 1 Ti 2:4; 4:10; Tit 2:11. πάντες ἄγγελοι θεοῦ Hb 1:6 (Dt 32:43; cp. Demosth. 18, 294 πάντες θεοί).

ⓑ adj. used with a noun or ptc. with the art.

α. in the sing. Oft. πᾶς ὁ, πάσα ἡ, πᾶν τό is used w. a ptc. (B-D-F §413, 2 and 3) every one who, whoever πᾶς ὁ (Soph., Aj. 152; Demosth. 23, 97; Sir 22:2, 26; 1 Macc 1:52; 2:27) πᾶς ὁ ὀργιζόμενος Mt 5:22. Cp. vss. 28, 32; 7:8, 26 (=πᾶς ὅστις vs. 24; s. below); Lk 6:47; 11:10; 14:11; 16:18; 18:14; 19:26; J 3:8, 15f, 20; 4:13; 6:40; 8:34; 18:37; Ac 10:43b; 13:39; Ro 2:1, 10; 10:4, 11; 1 Cor 9:25; Gal 3:13; 2 Ti 2:19; Hb 5:13; 1J 2:23, 29 al.; 2J 9; Rv 22:18.—πᾶν τό everything that (1 Macc 10:41): πᾶν τὸ εἰσπορευόμενον Mt 15:17; Mk 7:18. πᾶν τὸ ὀφειλόμενον Mt 18:34. πᾶν τὸ πωλούμενον 1 Cor 10:25; cp. vs. 27. πᾶν τὸ φανερούμενον Eph 5:14. πᾶν τὸ γεγεννημένον 1J 5:4.—An equivalent of this expr. is πᾶς ὅς (or ὅστις), πᾶν ὅ every one who, whatever (s. above and s. B-D-F §293, 1; 413, 2; Rob. 727; 957), masc.: Mt 7:24; 10:32; 19:29; Lk 12:8, 10 (RHolst, ZNW 63, ’72, 122–24), 48; 14:33; Ac 2:21 (πᾶς ὸ̔ς ἐάν, s. Jo 2:32); Ro 10:13 (πᾶς ὸ̔ς ἄν, s. Jo 3:5); Gal 3:10. Neut. (Jdth 12:14.—Jos., Ant. 5, 211 πᾶν ὅ = πάντες οἱ): J 6:37, 39; 17:2b; Ro 14:23; Col 3:17 (πᾶν ὅ τι ἐάν).

β. w. a noun in the pl., w. the art. all

א. w. substantives: πᾶσαι αἱ γενεαί Mt 1:17; Lk 1:48; Eph 3:21; GJs 6:2 al. πάντας τοὺς ἀρχιερεῖς Mt 2:4. Cp. vs. 16; 4:8; 11:13; Mk 4:13, 31f; 6:33; Lk 1:6; 2:51; 6:26; J 18:20; Ac 1:18; 3:18; 10:12, 43a; 14:16; Ro 1:5; 15:11 (Ps 116:1); 16:4; 1 Cor 12:26ab; 2 Cor 8:18; 11:28; Eph 4:10; 6:16b; Col 2:13; 1 Ti 6:10; Hb 4:4 (Gen 2:2 and 3); 9:21; Js 1:8; Rv 1:7b; 7:11; 15:4 al.—Used w. a demonstr. pron.: πᾶσαι αἱ παρθένοι ἐκεῖναι Mt 25:7. πάντας τοὺς λόγους τούτους 26:1. πάντα τὰ ῥήματα ταῦτα Lk 1:65; 2:19.—Somet. following the noun: τὰς πόλεις πάσας Mt 9:35; Ac 8:40. οἱ μαθηταὶ πάντες the disciples, one and all Mt 26:56. αἱ θύραι πᾶσαι Ac 16:26a. Cp. Ro 16:16; 1 Cor 7:17; 13:2a; 15:7; 16:20; 1 Th 5:26; 2 Ti 4:21; Rv 8:3. οἱ Ἱεροσολυμῖται πάντες Mk 1:5.—On the position of ἐκεῖνος, ἕνεκα, πᾶς s. NTurner, VetusT 5, ’55, 208–13.

ב. w. participles πάντες οἱ: πάντες οἱ κακῶς ἔχοντες Mt 4:24. πάντες οἱ κοπιῶντες 11:28; cp. 21:12; 26:52; Lk 1:66; 2:47; 13:17; Ac 1:19; 2:44; 4:16; 5:5, 11; 6:15; 9:14; 28:30; Ro 1:7; 4:11; 1 Cor 1:2; Eph 6:24; 1 Th 1:7; 2 Th 1:10; 2 Ti 3:12; 4:8; Hb 5:9; 13:24; 2J 1; Rv 13:8; 18:24. Following the ptc. οἱ κατοικοῦντες πάντες Ac 2:14. ἐν τοῖς ἡγιασμένοις πᾶσιν 20:32.—πάντα τά: πάντα τὰ γενόμενα Mt 18:31. πάντα τὰ ὑπάρχοντα 24:47; Lk 12:44; 1 Cor 13:3. Cp. Lk 17:10; 18:31; 21:36; J 18:4; Ac 10:33b. Used w. a demonstr. pron.: περὶ πάντων τῶν συμβεβηκότων τούτων Lk 24:14. Following: τὰ γινόμενα πάντα 9:7.

ג. w. prepositional expressions, w. which ὄντες (ὄντα) is to be supplied (TestAbr A 4 p. 81, 24 [Stone p. 10] πάντα τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς τραπέζης; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010] πάντες σου οἱ ἐν τοῖς πεδίοις): πάντες οἱ ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ Mt 5:15; Ac 16:32. πάντες οἱ σὺν αὐτῷ Lk 5:9. πάντες οἱ ἐν τοῖς μνημείοις J 5:28. πάντες οἱ εἰς μακράν Ac 2:39. Cp. 5:17. πάντες οἱ ἐξ Ἰσραήλ Ro 9:6. Cp. 2 Ti 1:15; 1 Pt 5:14. πάντα τὰ ἐν αὐτοῖς Ac 4:24; 14:15 (Ex 20:11); cp. 17:24. Following: οἱ μετʼ ἐμοῦ πάντες Tit 3:15a (πάντες οἱ μετʼ αὐτοῦ JosAs 27:7).

ⓒ π. used w. pronouns

α. w. personal pronouns: πάντες ἡμεῖς we all Ac 2:32; 10:33a; 26:14; 28:2; Ro 4:16b. πάντες ὑμεῖς Mt 23:8; 26:31; Lk 9:48; Ac 4:10a; 22:3; Ro 1:8; 15:33; 2 Cor 7:15; Gal 3:28; Phil 1:4, 7ab, 8; 1 Th 1:2; 2 Th 3:16c, 18; Tit 3:15b; Hb 13:25. πάντες αὐτοί Ac 4:33; 19:17b; 20:36. Following the pron.: ἡμεῖς πάντες J 1:16; Ro 8:32a; 2 Cor 3:18; Eph 2:3. ὑμεῖς πάντες Ac 20:25. αὐτοὶ πάντες Mt 12:15; 1 Cor 15:10. W. art. οἱ πάντες ἡμεῖς 2 Cor 5:10.

β. w. a demonstr. pron.: πάντες οὗτοι these all, all these Ac 2:7 v.l. Mostly following the pron.: οὗτοι πάντες 1:14; 17:7; Hb 11:13, 39. πάντα ταῦτα Mt 6:32; 24:8; Lk 7:18; Ac 24:8; 1 Cor 12:11; Col 3:14; 1 Th 4:6; Hm 5, 2, 5 cj. Joly. ταῦτα πάντα Mt 4:9; 6:33; 13:34, 51; Lk 12:30; Ac 7:50; Ro 8:37; 2 Pt 3:11.

γ. πάντες ὅσοι, πάντα ὅσα all who, everything that, masc.: Lk 4:40 v.l. (for ἅπαντες); J 10:8. Neut. (TestAbr A 9 p. 86, 17 [Stone p. 20]; TestJob 4:2; GrBar 7:2; Philo, Aet. M. 15; 28; Jos., Ant. 8, 242; Just., A I, 44, 9) Mt 7:12; 13:46; 18:25; 21:22; Mk 11:24; 12:44b; Lk 18:12, 22; J 10:41. πάντες, ὸ̔ς ἄν Hs 7:7.

ⓓ subst.

α. πάντες, πᾶσαι all, everyone (even when only two are involved = both: Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 27 §105 [Caesar and Pompey]) Mt 10:22; 14:20; 15:37; 21:26; 26:27; Mk 1:37; 5:20; Lk 1:63 and oft. πάντες ἥμαρτον Ro 5:12 (on the sinfulness of πάντες cp. the saying of Bias s.v. πολύς 1aβא; FDanker, Ro 5:12, Sin under Law, NTS 14, ’68, 430, n. 1).—οὐ πάντες not everyone Mt 19:11. Cp. J 13:10; Ro 10:16.—πάντων as partitive and comparative gen. ὕστερον πάντων last of all Mt 22:27; cp. Mk 12:22, 43. Even in ref. to a fem. (Thu. 4, 52, 3; Aristoph., Av. 472) ἐντολὴ πρώτη πάντων Mk 12:28 (but s. B-D-F §164, 1).

β. πάντα all things, everything. Abs. (Chrysippus in Stob., Ecl. 1, 1, 26 p. 31 W.; Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 6; M. Ant. 4, 23; Ael. Aristid. 43, 9 K.=1 p. 3 D.: ἀρχὴ ἁπάντων Ζεύς τε καὶ ἐκ Διὸς πάντα; Herm. Wr. 5, 10; Hymn to Selene in PGM 4, 2838f ἐκ σέο γὰρ πάντʼ ἐστὶ καὶ εἰς σʼ, αἰώνιε, πάντα τελευτᾷ [s. 4dβ]; PGM 5, 139; PKöln VI, 245, 16 of Athena [s. ed.’s comments]) Mt 11:27 = Lk 10:22 (s. the lit. on this pass. s.v. υἱός 2dβ. The word πάντα here is variously understood of authority and power [so ASchlatter (Mt), FBüchsel (TW II 173) et al.] or of knowledge and teaching: ENorden [Agn. Th. 288], TZahn [Mt], Grundmann [Lk] et al.; also JFitzmyer: “the knowledge of the mutual relation of himself and God” [AB Comm. Luke II 874]. IMarshall [Lk] follows BReicke [TW V 993 n. 289] and opts for both power and knowledge); J 1:3; 3:35; 21:17; 1 Cor 2:10; 15:27a (Ps 8:7), b, 28cd (πάντα ἐν πᾶσιν w. a somewhat different coloring: Dio Chrys. 54 [71], 1); Eph 1:22a (Ps 8:7); Rv 21:5. Here we may class ὁ ὢν ἐπὶ πάντων θεός (cp. Aristobulus in Eus., PE 8, 10, 10; 13, 12, 4 ἐπὶ πάντων εἶναι τ. θεόν; Porphyr., Vi. Plot. 23 τῷ ἐπὶ πᾶσι θεῷ) God, who rules over all Ro 9:5 (θεός 2). ὁ πάντων δεσπότης GJs 20:3 (codd.); cp. 11:2.—Of a ‘whole’ that is implied fr. the context: πάντα ἀποδώσω σοι Mt 18:26. Cp. 22:4; Mk 4:34; Lk 1:3; Ro 8:28 (s. Black s.v. συνεργέω); 2 Cor 6:10; Gal 4:1; Phil 2:14; 1 Th 5:21; 2 Ti 2:10; Tit 1:15; 1J 2:27; GJs 18:3 codd. πάντα ὑμῶν ἐστιν everything is yours, belongs to you 1 Cor 3:21, cp. 22 (Plut., Cic. 873 [25, 4] πάντα τοῦ σοφοῦ εἶναι; Diog. L. 6, 72). πάντα ὑμῶν everything you do 16:14. πρῶτον πάντων 1 Ti 2:1. πάντα four times as anaphora (rhetorical repetition) 1 Cor 13:7 (cp. Libanius, Or. 3 p. 275, 4 πάντα φθεγγόμενοι, πάντα ἐργαζόμενοι, πάντα χαριζόμενοι).—The acc. of specification stands almost in the sense of an adv. (B-D-F §154; Rob. 487) πάντα in all respects, in every way, altogether (Hom. et al.; Aelian, VH 12, 25; Jos., Ant. 9, 166; SibOr 3, 205; Ath. 35, 2) Ac 20:35 (perh. always, as Ps.-Lucian, Asin. 22 p. 590); 1 Cor 9:25b. πάντα πᾶσιν ἀρέσκω (s. ἀρέσκω 2a) 10:33; 11:2. Cp. KGrobel, JBL 66, ’47, 366 and s. τὰ πάντα in 4dβ below.—W. a prep.: εἰς πάντα in all respects, in every way (Pla., Charm. 6, 158a, Leg. 5, 738a; Appian, Iber. 17 §64, Bell. Civ. 4, 92 §385; BGU 798, 7) 2 Cor 2:9. ἐν πᾶσιν in all respects, in every way (PGiss 69, 8; Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 112 §467 [here ἐν ἅπασιν=in all respects]; Just., D. 80, 1 ἀσφαλὴς ἐν πᾶσι); 1 Ti 3:11; 2 Ti 2:7; 4:5; Tit 2:9, 10b; Hb 13:4, 18; 1 Pt 4:11. Perh. also Eph 1:23b. ἐν πᾶσι τούτοις in (or besides) all this (Sir 48:15; Job 2:10; 12:9; cp. Plut., Mor. 98f) Lk 16:26. κατὰ πάντα, s. κατά B 6. περὶ πάντων in every way (Mitt-Wilck I/2, 6, 9; SibOr 1, 198) 3J 2. πρὸ πάντων above all, especially (PRein 18, 27 [II B.C.]; BGU 811, 3; PAmh 135, 2; Just., D. 7, 3) Js 5:12; 1 Pt 4:8.

② any entity out of a totality, any and every, every

ⓐ as adj. w. a noun in the sing. without the article every, any and every, just any, any at all μὴ παντὶ πνεύματι πιστεύετε do not believe just any spirit 1J 4:1. περιφερόμενοι παντὶ ἀνέμῳ τῆς διδασκαλίας Eph 4:14. περὶ παντὸς πράγματος about anything Mt 18:19. κατὰ πᾶσαν αἰτίαν for any reason at all 19:3. Cp. 4:4=Lk 4:4 v.l. (Dt 8:3); Mt 12:31; 2 Cor 1:4b (on ἐπὶ πάσῃ τῇ θλίψει ἡμῶν vs. 4a see 3b below).

ⓑ as subst. without the art.

α. πᾶς everyone without exception Lk 16:16.

β. πᾶν, w. prep.: διὰ παντός s. διά A 2a. ἐν παντί in every respect or way, in everything (Pla., Symp. 194a; X., Hell. 5, 4, 29; SIG 1169, 27; Sir 18:27; 4 Macc 8:3; GrBar 9:8) πλουτίζεσθαι 1 Cor 1:5; 2 Cor 9:11. Cp. 2 Cor 4:8; 7:5, 11, 16; 8:7; 9:8b; 11:6a, 9; Eph 5:24; Phil 4:6; 1 Th 5:18.

③ marker of the highest degree of someth., all

ⓐ as adj. w. a noun in the sing. without the art. full, greatest, all (Pla., Rep. 9, 575a; Demosth. 18, 279 al.; ins, freq. in accolades; pap.: New Docs 8 p. 62, 10 μετὰ πάσης πίστεως καὶ ἐπιμελείας ‘with all fidelity and care’; LXX; Tat. 39, 1 μετὰ πάσης ἀκριβείας) μετὰ παρρησίας πάσης Ac 4:29. ἐν πάσῃ ἀσφαλείᾳ 5:23. πάσῃ συνειδήσει ἀγαθῇ in all good conscience 23:1. Cp. 17:11; 24:3; 2 Cor 9:8b; 12:12; Eph 4:2. ἐν πάσῃ προσκαρτερήσει with the greatest perseverance 6:18c. Cp. Phil 1:20; 2:29; Col 1:11ab; 1 Ti 2:2b, 11; 3:4; 4:9; 5:2; Tit 2:15; Js 1:2; 2 Pt 1:5; Jd 3 al. ὑπομένειν πᾶσαν ὑπομονήν practice patient endurance to the limit Pol 9:1.

ⓑ in related vein as adj. with noun in the sing. w. the art. all ἐπὶ πάσῃ τῇ θλίψει ἡμῶν in all our trouble 2 Cor 1:4a (on ἐν πάσῃ θλίψει vs. 4b s. 2a above); 7:4; 1 Th 3:7. ἐπὶ πάσῃ τῇ μνείᾳ ὑμῶν in all remembrance of you Phil 1:3. πᾶσαν τὴν μέριμναν ὑμῶν all your care 1 Pt 5:7. τὸν πάντα χρόνον AcPlCor 2:4; τὴν πᾶσαν σάρκα 2:11 (cp. 1aα).

④ pert. to a high degree of completeness or wholeness, whole

ⓐ as adj. w. a noun in the sing., without the art. all, the whole before proper names, mostly geographic (X., Hell. 4, 8, 28 προστάται πάσης Λέσβου ἔσονται al.; LXX) πᾶσα Ἱεροσόλυμα Mt 2:3 (s. Ἱερ.). πᾶς Ἰσραήλ (3 Km 8:65; 11:16; 1 Esdr 1:19; 5:45, 58; Jdth 15:14) Ro 11:26 (s. W-S. §20, 11a and b; Rob. 772). The OT is also the source of πᾶς οἶκος Ἰσραήλ (1 Km 7:2, 3) Ac 2:36 and, in subject matter, ἐπὶ παντὸς προσώπου τῆς γῆς 17:26b (but Gen 2:6 has πᾶν τὸ πρόσωπον τῆς γῆς, and 7:23; 11:4, 8, 9 ἐπὶ προσώπου [or πρόσωπον] πάσης τῆς γῆς).—Perh. πᾶσα οἰκοδομή Eph 2:21 (s. W-S. §20:11 b; Rob. 772; Mlt-Turner 199f; MDibelius, Hdb. ad loc.; M. Ant. 6, 36, 1; OGI 383, 86ff).

ⓑ w. a noun in the sing., w. the art. the whole, all (the). Preceding the noun that has the art.: πᾶσα ἡ Ἰουδαία καὶ πᾶσα ἡ περίχωρος Mt 3:5. πᾶσα ἡ ἀγέλη the whole herd 8:32. Cp. vs. 34; 13:2; 21:10; 27:25, 45; Mk 2:13; 4:1. πᾶσα ἡ ἀλήθεια 5:33. πᾶσα ἡ κτίσις the whole creation (TestAbr A 13 p. 92, 7 [Stone p. 32]) Mk 16:15; Ro 8:22. Cp. Lk 1:10; 2:1, 10; Ac 3:9, 11; 5:21; 15:12. πᾶς ὁ κόσμος Ro 3:19b; Col 1:6. πᾶν τὸ σπέρμα Ro 4:16. πᾶσα ἡ γῆ 9:17 (Ex 9:16); Lk 4:25. πᾶσα ἡ γνῶσις, πᾶσα ἡ πίστις 1 Cor 13:2bc. πᾶν τὸ πλήρωμα Eph 3:19; Col 1:19; 2:9. πᾶν τὸ σῶμα Eph 4:16; Col 2:19. Cp. Hb 9:19bc. W. a demonstrative pron. πᾶς ὁ λαὸς οὗτος all these people Lk 9:13. πᾶσα ἡ ὀφειλὴ ἐκείνη Mt 18:32.—Following the noun that has the article: τὴν κρίσιν πᾶσαν the whole matter of judgment J 5:22. εἰς τὴν ἀλήθειαν πᾶσαν into truth in all its outreach 16:13. τὴν ἐξουσίαν … πᾶσαν Rv 13:12.

ⓒ πᾶς and πάντες stand attributively betw. art. and noun, when the noun is regarded as a whole, in contrast to its individual parts (cp. Kühner-G. I 632f).

α. sing. (Thu. 2, 7, 2 ὁ πᾶς ἀριθμόσ=‘the whole number’; 8, 93, 2 τὸ πᾶν πλῆθος; X., Mem. 1, 2, 8 εἰς τὸν πάντα βίον; Pla., Gorg. 470e ἡ πᾶσα εὐδαιμονία; 2 Macc 2:17; 3 Macc 1:29; 6:14; 4 Macc 3:8) ὁ πᾶς νόμος the whole law Gal 5:14. τὸν πάντα χρόνον Ac 20:18.

β. pl. (X., An. 5, 6, 7 οἱ πάντες ἄνθρωποι; Pla., Theaet. 204a τὰ πάντα μέρη) αἱ πᾶσαι ψυχαί all the souls Ac 27:37. οἱ κατὰ τὰ ἔθνη πάντες Ἰουδαῖοι 21:21. οἱ σὺν αὐτοῖς πάντες ἅγιοι Ro 16:15. οἱ σὺν ἐμοὶ πάντες ἀδελφοί Gal 1:2.—W. numerals (Hdt. 7, 4; Thu. 1, 60, l) οἱ πάντες ἄνδρες ὡσεὶ δώδεκα the whole number of the men was about twelve Ac 19:7.—JBover, Uso del adjetivo singular πᾶς en San Pablo: Biblica 19, ’38, 411–34.

ⓓ as subst.

α. οἱ πάντες all (of them) (in contrast to a part) Ro 11:32ab; 1 Cor 9:22 (s. HChadwick, NTS 1, ’55, 261–75); Phil 2:21. (We, they) all Mk 14:64; 1 Cor 10:17; 2 Cor 5:14b. μέχρι καταντήσωμεν οἱ πάντες until we all attain Eph 4:13.

β. τὰ πάντα. In the abs. sense of the whole of creation all things, the universe (Pla., Ep. 6, 323d τῶν πάντων θεός; hymn to Selene in EAbel, Orphica [1885] 294, 36 εἰς σὲ τὰ πάντα τελευτᾶ [s. 1dβ beg.]; Herm. Wr. 13, 17 τ. κτίσαντα τὰ πάντα; JosAs 8:2 ζωοποιήσας τὰ πάντα; Philo, Spec. Leg. 1, 208, Rer. Div. Her. 36, Somn. 1, 241; Just., A I, 67, 2 τὸν ποιητὴν τῶν πάντων; PGM 1, 212 κύριε τῶν πάντων; 4, 3077) Ro 11:36 (Musaeus: Vorsokr. 2 A 4 [in Diog. L. 1, 3] ἐξ ἑνὸς τὰ πάντα γίνεσθαι καὶ εἰς ταὐτὸν ἀναλύεσθαι. Cp. Norden, Agn. Th. 240–50); 1 Cor 8:6ab; 15:28ab; Eph 3:9; 4:10b; Phil 3:21; Col 1:16ab, 17b (HHegermann, D. Vorstellung vom Schöpfungsmittler etc., TU 82, ’61, 88ff); Hb 1:3; 2:10ab; Rv 4:11; 1 Cl 34:2; PtK 2 (four times).—In the relative sense, indicated by the context, everything (Κυπρ. I p. 42 no. 29 τὰς στοὰς καὶ τὰ ἐν αὐταῖς πάντα; PGiss 2, 14 [II B.C.] in a bill: τὰ π.=everything taken together) ἐν παραβολαῖς τὰ πάντα γίνεται everything (=all the instruction) is in parables Mk 4:11. Cp. Ac 17:25b; Ro 8:32b. Of everything in heaven and earth that is in need of uniting and redeeming Eph 1:10 (EWalter, Christus u. d. Kosmos [Eph 1:10] ’48); Col 1:20. τὰ πάντα they all (of the members of the body) 1 Cor 12:19. The neut. is also used of persons: Gal 3:22; cp. 1 Ti 6:13 (here including humankind and everything else that possesses life).—As acc. of specification, almost like an adv.: τὰ πάντα in all respects (Appian, Prooem. 6 §23) Eph 4:15 (s. 1dβ).—As a summation of what precedes all this (PCairZen 741, 16; 742, 22; BGU 1509 [all III B.C.]) 2 Cor 4:15; Phil 3:8b; Col 3:8.—Furthermore, πάντες can also have the limited sense nearly all (Xenophon Eph. 2, 13, 4 πάντας ἀπέκτεινεν, ὀλίγους δὲ καὶ ζῶντας ἔλαβε. μόνος δὲ ὁ Ἱππόθοος ἠδυνήθη διαφυγεῖν).—Mlt-Turner 199–201.

⑤ everything belonging, in kind, to the class designated by the noun, every kind of, all sorts of, adj. for the words παντοδαπός and παντοῖος, which are lacking in our lit.: πᾶσα νόσος καὶ πᾶσα μαλακία Mt 4:23. γέμουσιν πάσης ἀκαθαρσίας they are full of all kinds of uncleanness 23:27 (Ar. 15, 6). πᾶσα ἐξουσία 28:18. ἀπὸ παντὸς ἔθνους from every kind of nation Ac 2:5. Cp. 7:22; 13:10ab; Ro 1:18, 29. πᾶσα ἐπιθυμία (evil) desire of every kind 7:8. ἐν παντὶ λόγῳ καὶ πάσῃ γνώσει 1 Cor 1:5b. πᾶν ἁμάρτημα every kind of sin 6:18. Cp. 2 Cor 7:1; 9:8bc; 10:5ab; Eph 1:3, 8, 21a; 4:19; 5:3; Phil 1:9; 2 Th 2:17. πᾶν ἔργον ἀγαθόν Tit 1:16; 3:1. Cp. 2:14; Hb 13:21. πᾶσα δόσις, πᾶν δώρημα Js 1:17 (W-S. §20, 11b). Cp. vs. 21; 1 Pt 2:1ab; Rv 8:7 al.—B. 919. Schmidt, Syn. IV, 540–54, s. ἕκαστος and ὅλος. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

 

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